| Administrative History | Ian R. Innes 'got his Undergraduate medical training at Aberdeen University ... [and then worked in] general medical practice for [ten years]. Innes returned to postgraduate research training in Physiology at Aberdeen and then went for postdoctoral Fellowship with Otto Krayer at Harvard'.
According to the correspondence, Innes was selected on the editorial advisory board of the Pharmacological Reviews in 1961.
Between 1967 and 1983, Innes was head of the Department of Pharmacology [and Therapeutics], The University of Manitoba. 'Dr. Innes’s research interest was in autonomic and smooth muscle pharmacology and he was a contributor to the Pharmacology textbook edited by Goodman and Gilman'.
Mark Nickerson was head of the Department of Pharmacology [and Therapeutics] between 1957 and 1968. According to the Pharmacology and Therapeutics web site, the circumstances which led to his appointment were apparently quite unusual. 'While working in the Department of Pharmacology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Nickerson had to report to the infamous committee on Anti - American activity chaired by Senator Joe McCarthy. Nickerson was known to have a good working relationship with scientists in the Eastern Block countries in Europe. Furthermore he refused to divulge names of other colleagues who were in a similar situation. Nickerson was fired from Ann Arbor and Nickerson started to modernise the teaching of Pharmacology in Manitoba. Soon after a separate Department was created, with Nickerson being appointed Chairman. In 1967, Nickerson moved to McGill University in Montreal as Chairman'.
Cited from the Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba web page, 'Our History', http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/medicine/units/pharmacology/ourhistory.htm (2005).
'Carey Estes Kefauver was chairman of the Special Committee on Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce, referred to as the "Kefauver Committee" ... The [televised] hearings began in May 1950 and lasted for 15 months'. One of the results of the 'Kefauver hearings' was that the 'Senate established a Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, or the "rackets committee", that held hearings under John McClellan 1957 - 1963'.
Cited from 'Kefauver Hearings', http://history.acusd.edu/gen/filmnotes/kefauver.html (2005).
'In 1966, the Society commemorated the services of Sir John Gaddum to pharmacology by creating [The Gaddum Memorial Award]. It will normally be made every two years and will consist of a Medal and a prize ... The award will be for important contributions in the field of pharmacology or a related subject, and will normally be made on the basis of work done within fifteen years of the nomination. Nominations may be made by any Member of the Society and should be sent to the President. Candidates may be from any part of the world ... The successful candidate will deliver a lecture, normally at the Winter Meeting of the Society. Past winners: 1967 W W Douglas; 1968 J R Vane; 1970 L L Iversen; 1972 H P Rang; 1974 S H Snyder; 1977 S Z Langer; 1978 A D Smith; 1980 S Moncada; 1982 J Hughes; 1984 P R Adams; 1986 R J Flower; 1988 R A North; 1990 B J R Whittle; 1992 V C Jordan; 1994 Julia C Buckingham; 1996 Nancy J Rothwell; 1998 J J Lambert; 2000 T J Williams; 2002 G L Collingridge [and] 2004 N Bowery'.
Cited from the British Pharmacology Society web page, 'Prizes', http://www.bps.ac.uk/aboutbps/hons_bur_prizes.jsp#gad (2005).
Further details on the Wyeth company, which is referred to in this file, can be found at the Wyeth web site, http://www.wyeth.com/index.asp (2005). |
| Description | The correspondence is informal and newsy, including much information about career development, peers,and personal lives, besides the strictly scientific. Many of Innes' letters are hand - written.
Correspondence relates to Innes' research and his paper, which was sent to 'Dawes' [possibly Geoffrey Dawes]. Letter, dated 20 May 1957, mentions Burn's [possibly Professor J.H. Burn] visit to Innes and the Pharmacology Department, Harvard Medical School.
Air mail letter, date 10 July 1957, relates to Innes' visit to Seattle.
Correspondence relates to the sending of scientific papers and reprints, and discusses each other's respective results. Also relates to Kosterlitz's and Innes' respective travelling.
Letter, dated 18 May 1959, is from Innes, Pharmacology Department, Medical College, Bannatyne & Emily, Winnipeg, and relates to his talk at Atlantic City; Paton's [possibly Professor William Drummond M. Paton] opinion of Kosterlitz; and the possibility that Kosterlitz might find it difficult to continue working at Aberdeen 'under the financial and other circumstances' and so might have to move somewhere else. Innes suggests that Kosterlitz move to Indiana to work. Also, letter relates to the 'review'; Best's [possibly Professor Charles H. Best] attitude to his life and work, and Innes' moving house. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Draft letter, dated 2 August 1959, from Kosterlitz, relates to the Manchester Summer Meeting of the Pharmacological Society and Nickerson's [Mark Nickerson] visit to Aberdeen.
Letter, dated 30 August 1959, from Innes, mentions the alterations and building of laboratories in Innes' Department. Letter mentions Innes' registration as a medical practitioner; talks about his moving into a new house; buying second - hand furniture and how most prices are higher in Canada than they are in the U.S.A. and Britain. Innes writes about his camping trip with his family in Yellowstone Park and mentions that they were there at the time of an earthquake. Innes writes that he is sorry to hear that Kosterlitz's affairs have not been successful as of yet and mentions the College of Surgeons chair.
Includes air mail letter, dated 29 September 1959, from Innes to Kosterlitz, saying that he is making an application for a renewal grant from the Canadian National Research Council and one from the Manitoba Heart Foundation. Also says that Innes is applying for a Research Associateship from the National Heart Foundation and asks Kosterlitz whether he would write a letter of recommendation on Innes' behalf. Innes writes that his other referees will probably be Nickerson and Professor Joe Doupe. Innes also writes about his current, Japanese technician.
Air mail letter, dated 28 October 1959, from Innes to Kosterlitz, mentions his recommendation from Kosterlitz for the Research Associateship from the National Heart Foundation; Innes' teaching and recent parties which Innes attended.
Air mail letter, also dated 28 October 1959, from Innes to Kosterlitz, explaining that Douglas Stevenson, a technician in Biochemistry, has applied to the Canadian Employment Service for a job. Innes asks Kosterlitz for his views on Stevenson.
Correspondence includes Kosterlitz's reply, dated 3 November 1959, [to Innes' letters, dated 28 October 1959]. Kosterlitz says that his 'own affairs do not seem to move at all. I have applied for the Chair at the Royal College of Surgeons but am not hopeful'. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter dated, 27 December 1959, from Innes to Kosterlitz, saying that he received the Research Associateship from the National Heart Foundation. Innes writes that he is trying to get Bill Davidson to go work with him. Also writes about his new laboratory; his current work and the lecture course. Letter says that Nickerson ['Nick'] went to Washington to act as a witness in ?Kefauver's [possibly Carey Estes Kefauver] investigation of drug monopoly, which was about drug prices and advertising. Innes writes that Nickerson had a short television appearance in which he criticised the drug firm's advertising campaigns. Innes writes that he should not complain about the valid uses of drug firms, as the firms give money back into research, development and departments, such as to the Department of Pharmacology, University of Manitoba. Letter mentions parties, which Innes held and attended; the Department's new biophysicist from Japan, F. Inoue, and how Nickerson approaches his work. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter, dated 16 December 1960, from Innes to Kosterlitz, talks about the 'usual quiet at the end of the term' and Innes' visit to Philadelphia, New York and Boston. Innes writes about his seeing Bill ?Doug; mentions that Kosterlitz had made an application for an NIH [National Institutes of Health] grant and that Bill is on one of the relevant study committees. Letter says, 'I was given to understand that things were rolling satisfactorily' and describes how the grant works. Letter mentions that Innes needs to renew his two grants, and mentions that there is not sufficient space in his laboratory for all his equipment. Innes writes that he may go to the Stockholm meeting in summer 1961, mentions redecorating the house and the cost of keeping children.
Draft letter, dated 18 March 1961, from Kosterlitz to Innes, congratulates him on being selected onto the Editorial Advisory Board of the Pharmacological Reviews.
Letter, dated 8 April 1961, from Innes to Kosterlitz, mentions Innes' appointment; the various meetings he attended and says that he has decided to postpone a visit to Europe. Innes writes that he has received enough grant money; says that he managed to get Bill over to work with him and mentions his new technician, who replaced the one from Japan. Letter talks about Innes' work and research; Bill's living in Winnipeg and Howard ?Lieb getting an Associate Professorship in Biochemistry and then becoming head of the Department of Neurobiology at the University of Manitoba. Mentions George Frank receiving some funds from NIH and says that Innes is considering applying for an NIH grant to cover some of his travel funds.
Correspondence, dated May - July 1961, relates to Innes' membership of the Pharmacological Society; mentions the Canadian Federation meeting, held in Guelph and talks about Kosterlitz trying to find suitable fellows for his research.
Air mail letter, dated 30 May 1961, congratulates Kosterlitz on his Grant.
Letter, dated 21 June 1961, from Innes, says that he was made Treasurer of the Canadian Pharmacological Society, and has to give a talk at the Teaching Session at the American Pharmacological Society.
Letter, dated 3 July 1961, from Innes says that he is up for membership of the American Physiological Society.
Letter, dated 4 September 1961, from Innes, asks and suggests that Kosterlitz write a review on the pharmacology of the peristaltic reflex. Innes writes that he is not convinced about Kosterlitz dividing longitudinal muscle contractions into types I & II. Letter mentions Innes' talk, which took up his whole summer to prepare, and says 'Many thanks for the Brit. Pharm. Soc. [British Pharmacology Society] nomination. I really am just as happy as an Assoc. [Associate].' Innes writes that [Otto] Krayer was awarded the 'first presentation of $2,500 (from Wyeth ["a global leader in pharmaceuticals, consumer health care products and animal health care products"]) of the Thorald Sollman award in Pharmacology'. Letter says that Innes is in Philadelphia for the 'Rochester trip' and is involved in a deal to act as consultant to Wyeths. Letter header is 'Treadway Inn, St. Davids, Penna.'.
Reply letter, dated 15 September 1961, from Kosterlitz, saying that he would be pleased to write a review on the pharmacology of the peristaltic reflex or on the pharmacology of intestinal smooth muscle, but that he would prefer to start it when Gordon Lees joins his team the next summer [1962].
Letter, dated 6 January 1962, relates to the postponing of the review on the pharmacology of the peristaltic reflex; mentions Edith Bulbring; the announcement that Innes' nineteen - year - old son, Rome, married the daughter of the head of the Physiology Department without Innes' knowledge; and Kosterlitz's intended trip to the U.S.A that year.
Letter, dated 25 January 1962, from Kosterlitz, mentions the delay in Innes becoming an associate member of the British Pharmacological Society. Letter also mentions that Michael [Kosterlitz's son] sat his Entrance Scholarship Examination just before Christmas and was elected to a Major Scholarship in Natural Sciences (Maths, Physics and Chemistry) at Gonville and Caius at Cambridge.
Letter, dated 6 March 1962, from Innes, mentions 'plans for our new building'.
Letter, dated 27 April 1962, from Kosterlitz, describes what he did on his U.S. trip after he had visited Innes.
Draft letter, dated 8 January 1963, from Kosterlitz, letting Innes know that he has been elected an associate member of the British Pharmacological Society.
Letter, dated 17 June 1963, from Innes, talking about his wife, Roddie [or Roddy], being ill; mentioning the meeting in Prague; Innes' plans for building a cottage at Fox Lake; his cancelling of his talk at the Gordon Research Conference at New Hampshire, summer 1963, and talking about his two graduate students and their work. Innes writes that he was impressed with the British Journal of Pharmacology's treatment of his last two papers and criticises Trendelenburg's work. Letter relates to Kosterlitz's 'pethidine potentiation of noradrenaline and low frequency stimulation' and Innes' recent research. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter, dated 17 April 1964, from Kosterlitz, mentions that he sent the review on 'Pharmacological analysis of intrinsic intestinal reflexes' to the editors. Letter thanks Innes for the copies of the Federation Proceedings and the Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology and talks about Kosterlitz's current research. Letter says that Kosterlitz is trying to buy a good Grass ink - writing polygraph and says that Kosterlitz met Dresel at the A.G.M. [Annual General Meeting] of the Physiological Society and found out that 'Roddy's progress has not been as rapid and good as [Innes] had hoped'.
Letter, dated 2 May 1964, from Kosterlitz, mentioning that the Canadian Journal of Biochemical Physiology has been split into Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Letter talks in great detail about Innes' work and research, and Roddie's poor health.
Correspondence includes copies of letters, dating from February - July 1964, from Queen's College, Dundee, relating to a student who was interested in a possible research studentship in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba. Includes references made on behalf of the student. Letter, dated 25 June 1964, from Innes to Kosterlitz, asks Kosterlitz whether he would interview the student on Innes' behalf. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter, dated 3 February 1965, from Innes, mentions the Department's 'new building, which will start morning into Tomorrow'.
Letter, dated 8 December 1966, from Innes to Kosterlitz, regarding various position changes in the Department; mentioning Roddie's open heart operation, and Kosterlitz's upcoming operation.
Brief correspondence, dated between the end of 1966 and beginning of 1967, relates to a student's Ph.D. defense. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Brief correspondence, May 1967, relates to Innes' appointment as Nickerson's successor.
Letter, dated 19 June 1967, from Innes to Kosterlitz, relating to changes in Innes' Department after he succeeded Nickerson. Letter is enclosed with brief correspondence, between Professor Ivan Bihler, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba and Dr. Martin Eastwood, Edinburgh, relating to the possible appointment of Eastwood as a biochemical pharmacologist at Manitoba. The letter dated 19 June 1967 asks Kosterlitz to give Innes his opinion on Eastwood and letter asks whether Kosterlitz could talk to Eastwood about the possible appointment. Also, letter of 19 June 1967 mentions Kosterlitz's 'chair in Pharmacology'.
Reply letter from Kosterlitz, dated 17 July 1967, mentions, 'Pharmacology here has not been settled yet but decisive moves may be taken within the next few weeks. In the meantime, I have been appointed a member of the University Court, which I find most interesting'. Letter also mentions that the meeting of the Pharmacology Society in Cambridge will be a joint meeting with the German Pharmacological Society and the first occasion of the Gaddum Lecture.
Letter, dated 28 November 1967, from Innes to Kosterlitz mentions the success of Kosterlitz's cataract operation, Kosterlitz's intented trip to Indianapolis and hopes that he will visit Innes in Winnipeg. Letter, and subsequent correspondence, talks about one of Innes' Ph.D. students and wonders whether Kosterlitz would be interested in having the student work with him in Aberdeen.
Letter, dated 6 March 1968, from Kosterlitz to Innes, mentions Innes' offer to give a summer studentship to one of Kosterlitz's students.
Air mail letter, dated 29 April 1968, from Innes to Kosterlitz, congratulates Kosterlitz on his Professorship appointment.
Letter, dated 10 February 1969, from Innes to Kosterlitz, mentions Innes' broken leg.
Copy of a letter, dated 25 February 1969, from George C. Habib, Winnipeg Clinic, Section of Medical and Surgical Neurology, to Dr. Jack C. Wilt, Associate Dean, Medical College, Winnipeg, regarding two medical students from Aberdeen University wanting to be introduced to medicine in Canada. N.B. ?letter dated 18 March 1969 remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter, dated 19 May 1969, from Kosterlitz to Innes, mentions that Kosterlitz has arranged a Satellite Symposium on the agonist and antagonist properties of narcotic analgesic drugs. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letters, dated August - September 1969, relate to Kosterlitz's proposal to nominate Innes as a Commonwealth Visiting Professor in Aberdeen for the years 1970 - 1971.
Letters, dated September - November 1969, relate to the appointment of Richard Lydon as a summer student in Innes' Department for the period July - October 1970.
N.B. ?letter dated 30 January 1970 remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter, dated 19 May 1970, from Innes to Kosterlitz, includes a transcript of Robert C. A. Frederickson's record, and recommends Frederickson as a postdoctoral research fellow at Aberdeen. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
Letter, dated 12 June 1970, from Kosterlitz to Innes, mentions that 'we are going to reconstruct a large part of the Medical School during the next 18 months'.
Kosterlitz's draft letter of 16 January 1971 mentions 'our postal strikes'.
Letter, dated 9 July 1973, from Innes to Kosterlitz, mentions Kosterlitz's new Research Unit in Aberdeen.
Letter, dated 6 January 1976, from Kosterlitz to Innes, mentions 'our paper in Nature giving the structures of the two enkephalins. There has been a lot of excitement; I had nominated John Hughes for the Sandoz Prize which he was duly awarded'. Also thanks Innes for the 'copy of Goodman and Gilman'.
Letter, dated 8 December 1978, from Innes to Kosterlitz, saying that Dr. Clive Greenway's name has been put forward for promotion to the rank of full professor and asks Kosterlitz whether he would be 'prepared to comment on the appropriateness or otherwise of such a promotion'. Letter is enclosed with a list of Greenway's publications.
Includes Kosterlitz's reply, dated 21 December 1978. N.B. ?remains closed under data protection legislation.
There are a number of gaps in the correspondence: between August 1957 and February 1959; February - May 1959; May - August 1959; December 1959 and December 1960; 1960 - March 1961; October 1961 and January 1962; June 1962 and January 1963; January - June 1963; June 1963 and April 1964; July - October 1964; October 1964 and February 1965; February 1965 and January 1966; January - April 1966; April - June 1966; September - December 1966; December 1966 - May 1967; July - November 1967; April 1968 and November 1968; November 1968 and February 1969; June - December 1970; January 1971 and May 1972; May 1972 and July 1973; July 1973 and January 1976; January 1976 and June 1977; June - December 1977; December 1977 and August 1978; and August - December 1978. |