| Administrative History | Since 1948, the World Medical Association has adopted a number of declarations on medical ethics to guide and govern international medical practice.
The Declaration of Geneva is the medical vow taken by doctors on admission to the medical profession. It was adopted by the General Assembly at Geneva, Switzerland, September 1948, and amended by the Twenty-second Assembly, Sydney, Australia, August 1968.
The Declaration of Helsinki provides recommendations to guide doctors in clinical research involving human subjects. It was adopted by the Eighteenth Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, 1964, and revised by the Twenty-ninth Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, 1975.
The Declaration on Sydney is a statement on death. It was adopted by the Twenty-second Assembly, Sydney, Australia, August 1968.
The Declaration of Oslo is a statement on therapeutic abortion. It was adopted by the Twenty-fourth Assembly, Oslo, Norway, 1970.
The Declaration of Tokyo provides guidelines for doctors concerning torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in relation to detention and imprisonment. It was adopted by the Twenty-ninth Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, October 1975.
An International Code on Medical Ethics was also adopted by the Third Assembly, London, England, October 1949. |
| Description | Printed booklet containing text of the Declaration of Geneva, the Declaration of Helsinki, the Declaration of Sydney and the Declaration of Oslo, c 1970.
Printed sheet containing text of the Declaration of Helsinki, c 1975.
Printed sheet containing text of the Declaration of Sydney, the Declaration of Oslo and the Declaration of Tokyo, c 1975.
Printed sheet containing text of the International Code of Medical Ethics and the Declaration of Geneva, c 1975. |